Travel China

Beihai (北海), a coastal city in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (广西壮族自治区), is known for its unique geographical location and abundant tourist resources. With its fascinating blend of natural beauty and cultural heritage, Beihai has become an increasingly popular destination for travelers. On a recent trip, I had the opportunity to explore the city's top ten landmarks, expertly guided by the renowned local tour guide, Dandan (丹丹). Through her insights and knowledge, I discovered the hidden gems of Beihai—its charming old streets, stunning seafronts, and rich historical sites. This journey not only opened my eyes to the city's breathtaking landscapes but also introduced me to its deep cultural roots. Our adventure began in the early morning, with Dandan leading the group as we set off to explore Beihai. Dandan, an experienced guide, is intimately familiar with every corner of the city. She offered helpful tips and detailed itineraries, making sure we got the most out of our trip. The first stop on our journey was Beihai Old Street, a place where history and modern life blend seamlessly. Walking through these narrow, bustling streets, it felt as though we had been transported back in time. The architecture along the road, with…

Guangzhou, known as the "City of Goats" (羊城, or "Yangcheng"), is one of China's most vibrant and culturally rich cities. Located in the southern part of the country, it enjoys a mild climate year-round, with no harsh winters, making it an ideal travel destination at any time. Its strategic location and accessibility make it a popular hub for both business and leisure, with many travelers flocking to the city to experience its unique mix of historical charm, modern urban energy, and diverse tourist attractions. If you plan to visit Guangzhou, be sure to check out some of the must-see landmarks that capture the essence of this dynamic city. Nature, History, and Culture Combined Guangzhou is more than just a bustling metropolis; it's a city that cherishes its rich cultural heritage and natural beauty. Here are some of the top spots you should take advantage of during your visit. Baiyun Mountain (白云山), often regarded as one of the most beautiful mountains in southern China, offers stunning views of the city and surrounding landscapes. Known as the "first beauty of Yangcheng," the mountain is a popular destination for both locals and tourists. The air is fresh, and the environment serene, making it…

Hainan has emerged as a hotspot for golfers, especially among Korean tourists, as more and more are flocking to the tropical island to enjoy its world-class courses. This surge in tourism is part of a broader trend spurred by China's recent visa-free policy for South Korean nationals, which has significantly boosted tourism between the two countries. Particularly during the winter months, traditionally a quiet season for travel in Korea, many are now opting for quick getaways to warm destinations like Hainan to indulge in their favorite pastime: golf. Hainan's allure as a golf destination lies not just in its well-maintained courses but also in its convenient accessibility and pleasant weather, which makes it an ideal choice for a winter golf retreat. According to recent reports, golf tourism in China, particularly in Hainan, has witnessed a dramatic rise, making it the go-to place for Korean golf enthusiasts this season. From Thai Greens to Chinese Fairways Historically, Thailand has been the preferred destination for South Korean golfers seeking to escape the cold winter and enjoy the sport in a warmer climate. However, in 2024, this trend has seen a notable shift, as more Korean golfers are now booking trips to China, with…

Nanjing, a historical gem nestled in southeastern China, is a city brimming with ancient tales and natural beauty. With its serene landscapes, cultural landmarks, and deep-rooted history, Nanjing offers the perfect blend of past and present. One of its most iconic locations is the Yuhuatai (Rain Flower Terrace) area, a place not only celebrated for its historical significance but also for its vibrant cherry blossoms in the spring and cool, refreshing ambiance in the summer. This week-long journey through Nanjing will delve into the city's rich heritage, exploring its cultural landmarks, local flavors, and unique experiences along the way. Our adventure begins in the heart of Nanjing at Yuhuatai Scenic Area, a place of remembrance and peace. As a historically significant site, Yuhuatai honors the martyrs of the Chinese revolution and serves as an important cultural landmark. The lush greenery of the park provides a refreshing contrast to the urban landscape of Nanjing, making it a perfect escape. Strolling through the tree-lined paths, the vibrant flowers are in full bloom, creating a peaceful yet poignant atmosphere that echoes the city's long history. The Yuhuatai Pagoda offers a stunning panoramic view of the city, where visitors can reflect on the peaceful…

Xiangyang (襄阳), a city nestled along the banks of the Han River, offers a fascinating blend of ancient heritage and cutting-edge modernity. With a history stretching over 2,800 years, Xiangyang is a city where visitors can experience the fullness of China's cultural tapestry. Walking through its ancient city walls, visitors can feel the weight of its rich history, while the gleaming industrial parks showcase the region's rapid technological and economic growth. Whether you're exploring tranquil rural landscapes or delving into Xiangyang's vibrant cultural tourism scene, this city is proving that the past and future can not only coexist but thrive together in a new era of development. Xiangyang's historical significance is vast and deeply interwoven with the stories of ancient China. The city was once the heart of the Jingchu culture (荆楚文化) and has long been a center of political and military power. It played a crucial role during the Three Kingdoms period, which is immortalized in China's literary classic "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", where a significant number of the novel's pivotal events unfolded. Xiangyang also boasts a rich collection of artifacts and monuments, with over 1,700 historical sites that have earned the city the title of "The First…

Qianhai: Where Urban Energy Meets Cultural Exploration As we look toward 2024, Qianhai (前海)—a region poised for incredible growth in Shenzhen (深圳)—has emerged as a beacon of cultural and tourism development. In a city that seamlessly combines modernity and tradition, Qianhai is on track to become one of the most visited destinations, attracting tourists, both domestic and international. In the midst of Shenzhen's rapid urban expansion, where steel and glass buildings stretch toward the sky, there is an underlying yearning for something more—something tranquil, something different. Many city dwellers find themselves longing for the "getaway" experience, for moments when they can escape the rush of everyday life. But Qianhai offers a new kind of possibility. Here, nature and city life coexist harmoniously, providing an oasis where residents and visitors alike can switch seamlessly between the vibrancy of city streets and the serenity of green spaces. At the heart of this transformation is the "Bay Area Eye," a landmark cultural destination that will open in late 2025. This new addition to Shenzhen's cultural scene promises to be a defining feature of the Greater Bay Area—a place where technology, culture, art, and nature collide. Set to become an iconic destination, it will…

Preserving An Yue's (安岳) Rich Cultural Traditions In the picturesque county of An Yue, nestled in the heart of Sichuan Province, an ancient cultural legacy continues to thrive. Known for its remarkable collection of intangible cultural heritage (ICH), An Yue is home to diverse traditions that have been passed down through generations. As the saying goes, "Cultural heritage is like an elderly sage, watching history pass by with helplessness, needing to be seen by the world." Indeed, the county's heritage, from stone carving to folk music and culinary delights, tells the stories of its people's ingenuity, labor, and creativity over millennia. An Yue is not just a place with rich history—it's a living testament to the creativity and resilience of its people. Here, ancient craftsmanship is not confined to museums but is actively preserved and practiced by the people, many of whom are proud inheritors of these traditions. From its famous stone carvings to its unique bamboo weaving and folk opera, the county's heritage is a treasure trove of art, craft, and story. An Yue's history as a "home of stone carvings" is unmatched, with over 100,000 ancient stone carvings scattered across the region. These stunning works are notable for…

Recently, a notable guest visited Ningbo (宁波) University of Finance and Economics: Professor Mark Levine, a renowned American sociologist, and musician currently teaching at the Central University for Nationalities in Beijing. Known for his passion for Eastern cultures, Professor Levine embarked on an enlightening cultural exchange that allowed both him and the students to explore the heart of Chinese traditional arts. The event was not just a showcase of Chinese arts but a two-way journey of understanding and appreciation between East and West, underscoring the transformative power of cultural exchange. Traditional Arts that Captivated a Western Scholar Professor Levine’s introduction to Chinese traditional culture began with an immersive experience in Yueju (越剧), or Yue Opera, one of China’s oldest and most cherished regional operas. The performance, held on campus, featured students dressed in exquisite costumes, skillfully portraying the beauty and elegance of the Jiangnan region through both their acting and singing. The intricate costumes, delicate movements, and haunting melodies of the opera left a deep impression on the professor, who was visibly moved by the artistry. He marveled at the historical stories conveyed through the opera, calling it “absolutely magical.” His enthusiasm was not just for the performance itself but…

Last night, the skies over West Lake sparkled as Chanel's 2024/25 Haute Couture show dazzled at the iconic Quyuan Fenghe (曲院风荷). This was not just another fashion event—it was a historic occasion, as the luxury brand made its return to China after 15 years, marking a significant moment in fashion history. The show, held in the tranquil beauty of Hangzhou, was a visual masterpiece, amplified by a short film directed by renowned German filmmaker Wim Wenders. The film beautifully merged Eastern and Western cultures, using the legendary West Lake as a backdrop, blending fantasy and reality. Starring Tilda Swinton as the mystic "Gu Yi Fa Shi," along with Chinese actresses Xin Zhilei (辛芷蕾) and Dou Jingtong (窦靖童), the film captivated audiences worldwide. It was a poetic exploration of the enchanting landscape, with several iconic West Lake locations serving as "Instagram-worthy" spots in the movie. If you've ever wondered about these locations—places where fashion meets history—let's take a closer look at the must-see spots highlighted by Chanel's magical journey. The journey begins in the picturesque Dragon Well Village (龙井村), where the film's opening scene takes place at the "Longjing 82" creative restaurant. This area, famed for its production of Longjing tea,…

When you think of Henan, what comes to mind? For many, this province is synonymous with deep historical significance, home to some of China's most famous ancient cities. From Luoyang (洛阳) to Kaifeng, Henan boasts a wealth of cultural landmarks that have shaped Chinese civilization. Yet, Henan's charm goes beyond these iconic cities. Among its lesser-known but equally fascinating places is Gongyi (巩义), a small county-level city located between Zhengzhou and Luoyang. Despite its modest size, Gongyi is rich in historical treasures, cultural heritage, and natural beauty, offering a compelling reason for travelers to visit. Gongyi's strategic location and historical importance have made it a cultural and economic crossroads for thousands of years. Known as one of the oldest county-level cities in Henan, Gongyi has a history that dates back to the Qin Dynasty. Its name symbolizes "a city that stands firm, no matter what." The city's location between two major cities, Zhengzhou and Luoyang, adds to its allure as a key part of Henan's history. Gongyi's History Gongyi is home to a remarkable collection of ancient sites that reveal the city's rich past. Among the most significant are the Northern Song Dynasty Imperial Tombs and the Northern Wei Cave…

The Li River (漓江) is an undeniable gem of Chinese natural beauty, and its place as a national treasure is well-deserved. As one of China's first 5A-rated tourist destinations, it represents the very essence of the country's landscapes, echoing through the hearts of those who visit. Winding its way through the picturesque karst mountains of Guilin (桂林), the Li River is renowned not just for its visual splendor but for its ability to capture the imagination of anyone who witnesses its beauty. Its unparalleled charm is more than a local marvel; it is a global symbol of China's natural grandeur. Described as "a thousand paintings in a hundred miles," the Li River is often considered the soul of Guilin's landscape. The river, meandering through towering peaks, lush greenery, and mist-filled valleys, offers an ethereal experience that feels like stepping into a traditional Chinese ink painting. Its majestic waters, which have inspired poets and artists for centuries, are considered by many to be among the world's most beautiful rivers. With each twist and turn, the Li River reveals yet another breathtaking vista—whether it's the dramatic cliffs, the mist rising off the water, or the reflections of the karst formations that seem…

In the heart of Bijie (毕节), a city in Guizhou Province, the transformation of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) is rapidly taking place. From bustling cultural workshops to innovative experiences in schools and tourism, Bijie is proving that preserving ancient traditions can be a powerful tool for modern development. A mix of digital preservation, community engagement, and creative partnerships has led to the revitalization of traditional arts like Miao (苗族) embroidery, Yi (彝族) lacquerware, and the Miao Lusheng dance (苗族芦笙舞), creating a cultural phenomenon that benefits both the local community and the wider world. The city's success story is reflected in its increasing number of non-heritage workshops, experience spaces, and cultural products. With 77 ICH workshops and 47 experience spaces already established, Bijie is setting a powerful example of how to integrate traditional crafts into modern life. This hands-on approach has attracted both domestic and international tourists eager to witness the creativity and artistry of Bijie's heritage. Among the standout moments of this transformation was a recent visit by dozens of Asia-Pacific journalists to the Miao Embroidery and Batik Workshop in Huawu Village. Mario Pasca, a reporter from Indonesia National Radio, marveled at the intricate patterns and techniques of Miao embroidery,…

Henan, a province in central China, is a land steeped in history, culture, and tradition. As the cradle of Chinese civilization, it is home to many of the nation's most significant historical sites. For those stepping onto this ancient soil for the first time, Henan reveals itself as a treasure trove of untold stories and forgotten legends. For repeat visitors, it transforms into a place that feels both foreign and intimately familiar—a hometown that is hard to leave behind. The province's charm lies in its timeless atmosphere, which blends the ancient with the modern in a way that touches the heart. Henan's historical cities—such as Kaifeng (开封), Luoyang (洛阳), and Nanyang (南阳)—offer a vivid glimpse into China's storied past. Among these, Kaifeng and Luoyang stand out, with their ancient relics and magnificent cultural festivals continuing to captivate visitors year after year. The bustling streets depicted in Along the River During the Qingming Festival (清明节) and the breathtaking floral displays at the Luoyang Peony Festival remind us of the province's rich cultural heritage. Yet, in the midst of these grand historical sites, there is a smaller, lesser-known city in Henan that embodies the perfect blend of history and modernity—Xinzheng (新郑). Xinzheng:…

1. Nanjiao Park (南郊公园) If you’re visiting Chengdu and seeking a blend of natural beauty and historical charm, Nanjiao Park is a hidden gem that should not be overlooked. Situated at 235 Wuhouci Street in Wuhou District, this park has a rich history. It was built in 1943 as the burial site for Liu Xiang (刘湘). However, far from being somber, Nanjiao Park exudes a peaceful ambiance, making it an ideal place for relaxation and photography. The park is an elegant mix of classical Chinese garden elements: winding streams, quaint pavilions, and bamboo forests enveloped by striking red walls. This creates an atmosphere that is both serene and aesthetically pleasing. The park’s spacious layout allows for moments of solitude amidst nature, offering visitors a sense of tranquility and escape from the hustle and bustle of city life. With its serene beauty and calm environment, Nanjiao Park is perfect for those seeking to capture Chengdu’s traditional charm in a photo. 2. Wuhou Shrine (武侯祠) No trip to Chengdu would be complete without visiting Wuhou Shrine, located at 231 Wuhouci Street in the city’s Wuhou District. Dedicated to Zhuge Liang (诸葛亮), the legendary military strategist of the Three Kingdoms period, Wuhou Shrine…

On November 8, 2024, a historic milestone marked a new chapter in tourism between China and South Korea. Implementing China's visa-free policy for South Korean nationals brought immediate benefits, with the first South Korean traveler, Mr. Lee, arriving at Ningbo (宁波) Airport on flight 9C8626. As he completed his entry without a visa, Mr. Lee shared his excitement, noting the policy's significant time and cost savings. His arrival was symbolic of a broader trend: South Korean nationals were now free to travel to China for business, tourism, or family visits without the burden of securing a visa—valid for stays up to 15 days. This move is part of a trial visa-free policy for nine countries, which began on November 8 and will run through December 31, 2025. The policy covers South Korea, alongside other nations, and aims to promote tourism, trade, and cultural exchange. The immediate impact of this policy was felt across the travel industry, with booking platforms like Ctrip reporting a noticeable uptick in South Korean visitors planning trips to China. A Surge in South Korean Tourism to China The visa-free policy has injected a sense of optimism into China's tourism sector, especially regarding South Korean travelers. Before…

For most people, travelling is an opportunity to experience new places, meet new people, and capture unforgettable moments. However, for Colombian content creator Gao Fei (高飞), Xinjiang—a region often misrepresented in Western media—has become a personal mission. Having visited the vast and culturally rich Chinese province 10 times since 2021, Gao has dedicated much of his work to showing the world the authentic side of Xinjiang through the lens of his camera. Gao, a travel blogger and social media influencer, arrived in Xinjiang for the first time after being unsettled by the inaccurate portrayals he saw in Western news. What he found was a vastly different reality. "I've lived in China for nearly 20 years, and I knew that the stories I saw in the media didn't reflect what was happening here," he explains. "I wanted to come and experience Xinjiang for myself, to capture the truth and share it with others." Discovering Xinjiang's Majestic Beauty Xinjiang is known for its stunning landscapes—rolling grasslands, dramatic mountain ranges, sparkling lakes, and vast deserts. For Gao, these natural wonders have been one of the key reasons for his repeated visits. His video footage captures the grandeur of places like the vast grasslands…

In recent years, esports has grown from a niche interest to a mainstream phenomenon, particularly in East Asia. The esports ecosystem has grown exponentially, from thrilling international competitions to local gaming communities. This shift has brought about new cultural opportunities, and the integration of esports with tourism and local culture has become a driving force in major cities across Asia. This evolution is being taken to new heights in Chengdu, a city known for its rich heritage and vibrant gaming scene. From November 1 to November 3, Chengdu hosted the Fourth East Asia Esports Championship, marking the first event in a physical venue in China. This year's theme, "Travel with the Tournament," highlighted the competitive gaming spirit and embraced the cultural and tourism opportunities esports events offer local cities. The event was a dazzling showcase of how gaming, culture, and tourism can synergize to attract global attention. A Celebration of Regional Unity and Competition The East Asia Esports Championship is more than just a tournament; it is a platform for regional collaboration between China, Japan, South Korea, and Hong Kong. As esports has become a significant part of youth culture in these countries, the championship acts as a bridge for…

For centuries, the people living along the Qiantang River (钱塘江) in China engaged in a unique and perilous way of life: competing to catch "tide fish" at the river’s edge during the tidal surges. This practice, known as "chasing the tide," was both a means of livelihood and a dangerous game where participants faced nature's full wrath. Despite the risks, which resulted in numerous fatalities over the years, this tradition carried on until authorities eventually prohibited it, placing warning signs along the riverbank that read, “Danger: Tidal surge. Do not enter.” However, a new wave of excitement has emerged around the old tradition, propelled by social media. Videos of people chasing tide fish have gone viral, bringing modern fame to those daring enough to challenge the tides. Tire repair shops close, rideshare drivers turn off their apps, and groups of friends rush to the river to test their skills and luck. What was once a dangerous profession has transformed into a social media spectacle, where the pursuit of fish and fame intertwines. A New Breed of Tide Chasers With fishing nets in hand, today’s tide chasers stand at the edge of the river, awaiting the surge. Facing the churning, dark…

Nestled near the border of Guizhou and Guangxi lies the quiet, unassuming town of Libo (荔波). Here, in the remote Maolan Nature Reserve (茂兰自然保护区), time seems to have slowed down, preserving a pristine landscape that defies the pressures of modernity. When Jiang Cuo first arrived at this untouched corner of the world in 2016, he was captivated by its simplicity. This valley, spanning over 200 acres, had no roads, no signs of urbanization, and few inhabitants. Many locals had long since moved on, leaving behind land that was ripe for reimagining. Jiang Cuo saw potential in this abandoned village. With a few thousand yuan, he rented the land and named his vision "Dongdao Tribe," a community dedicated to a sustainable and handmade way of life. In doing so, he invited others to join him in living off the land, disconnected from modernity but deeply connected to nature. Living in the Impossible Forest Libo's Maolan Nature Reserve is an anomaly, even in a region known for its rugged, karst landscapes. Karst formations, composed of porous limestone, are not usually conducive to lush forests. Water quickly escapes through the rock's crevices, making it difficult for vegetation to take root. Yet, against all…

From Amsterdam to Shanghai: A Ride Across Continents Most travelers heading from Amsterdam to Shanghai would simply book a flight, endure the long haul, and arrive in a matter of hours. But for Dutch historian, author, and urban design curator Ole Bouman, this journey needed to be more than just a change in geographical location—it was a quest for understanding. In February 2024, at over sixty years of age, Bouman mounted his bicycle in Amsterdam and set off on an extraordinary journey. Over the next 156 days, he crossed 18 countries and regions, cycling a staggering 10,756 kilometers to reach his destination: Shanghai. Carrying 45 kilograms of luggage on an 18-kilogram bicycle, he endured physical challenges, battled diverse climates, and pushed the limits of human endurance. But for Bouman, this wasn't just an adventure—it was a deeper exploration of culture, dialogue, and the search for peace. For over a decade, Bouman had flown between Europe and China, giving lectures, curating exhibitions, and working on urban design projects. However, despite his deep involvement with Chinese culture, he felt he had only skimmed the surface. So, instead of flying yet again, he chose a slower, more thoughtful approach—one that would allow him…

 A Journey Beyond Expectations For many foreign tourists, the allure of Xi'an (西安) is undeniable. With its rich history as the ancient capital of 13 dynasties and home to iconic landmarks like the Terracotta Warriors, Xi'an has long been a bucket-list destination. However, for travelers like Malaysian blogger Guo Qing'en (郭憓恩), a recent trip to the city offered far more than she expected. Her two-day visit quickly turned into an unforgettable adventure, blending ancient heritage with modern experiences. "One moment I was standing before the awe-inspiring Terracotta Warriors (兵马俑), and the next, I was on the Xi'an City Wall, swaying to street music alongside locals," Guo shares with enthusiasm. The juxtaposition of historical landmarks with vibrant youth culture caught her by surprise. "You rarely see this kind of blend of the ancient and the contemporary in other countries," she says. For her, the experience was a powerful reminder that China's future is deeply intertwined with its past. Guo's experience isn't unique. Tourists from around the world are flocking to Xi'an, drawn by its promise of cultural richness and unexpected modern twists. As Xi'an continues to enhance its tourism offerings, foreign visitors are discovering more reasons to stay, explore, and fall…

If the allure of Shangri-La has always been on your bucket list, it's time to discover Muli (木里), an equally enchanting but lesser-known destination nestled along China's Route 227. Far from the crowds and commercialization of popular Tibetan regions, Muli offers an authentic and immersive experience, often described as Tibet's "Rookie Village." Here, you'll find vibrant prayer flags fluttering in the wind, devout locals spinning prayer wheels, serene alpine lakes, and majestic snow-capped peaks—all set against a backdrop of rich Tibetan culture and breathtaking natural beauty. The Mystical Origins of Muli Muli, often referred to as the "Source of Shangri-La," has long been shrouded in mystery and legend. A century ago, American-Austrian explorer Joseph Rock made several expeditions to this remote area, chronicling his experiences in a way that painted Muli as a hidden paradise—a "garden visited by God," a "Shambhala on Earth." These accounts inspired British author James Hilton to pen the novel Lost Horizon, which immortalized the concept of Shangri-La. However, as adventurers retraced Rock's steps, they realized that the true location matching his descriptions was not the modern Shangri-La city but rather the secluded region of Muli. Muli remains one of the most pristine areas in Western…

The TikTok Effect: How Social Media is Reshaping China's Tourism Landscape As summer unfolds, a new trend is sweeping across social media platforms worldwide: #ChinaTravel. This hashtag has become a digital gateway, offering glimpses of China's culinary delights, breathtaking landscapes, and vibrant culture to a global audience. Among the influx of international visitors, Generation Z travelers stand out, bringing their youthful energy and fresh perspectives to an increasingly open China. This summer, the streets of Chinese cities are alive with a unique blend of ancient tradition and modern vibrancy, creating an irresistible allure for young travelers. These Gen Z explorers are not just passive tourists; they're active participants in cultural exchange, eager to understand China's rapid development and connect with its people. Their experiences are painting a nuanced picture of China as a nation that is simultaneously credible, lovable, and respectable. One such traveler is Estefania Munoz, a Mexican undergraduate student at Northwestern Polytechnical University. In August 2024, She embarked on a journey that would transport her through time and culture in the ancient capital of Xi'an. Her adventure began with a simple yet profound act: donning a hanfu, traditional Chinese clothing, for the first time. As Estefania stepped into the…

In the tranquil village of Shamei (沙美), nestled on the outskirts of Xiamen (厦门), a small yet vibrant community has found an unlikely member—Felix, affectionately known as "Lao Wai A Le (老外阿乐)" by the locals. A graphic designer from Germany, Felix's journey to this coastal enclave is a tale of serendipity, transformation, and the search for a simpler, more fulfilling life. Xiamen City: A New Beginning Felix's adventure in China began in 2012 when he first set foot in Xiamen during a trip through the country. Drawn by the city's coastal beauty and its rich cultural vibe, he made the spontaneous decision to make it his new home. The charm of Xiamen, with its unique blend of modernity and tradition, struck a chord with Felix, prompting him to leave behind his life in Europe and embark on a new chapter in Asia. Back in the Netherlands, Felix had studied graphic design at university, a field that would initially shape his career in Xiamen. Over the years, he took on various roles—teaching at a local university, working as a designer for companies, and even co-owning a bar with friends. These experiences offered him a taste of urban life in China, but…