When you think of the ultimate Chinese city for night snacks, your mind might wander to the bustling streets of the southern metropolises. Yet, surprisingly, the crown for the "First City of Night Markets" belongs to a northern city: Kaifeng.
Kaifeng, an ancient city with a rich history, has been captivating visitors with its diverse and vibrant night market culture for centuries. Every summer night, the city transforms into a nocturnal wonderland, filled with the irresistible aromas of countless delicacies.
A Historical Prelude to Nightlife
Kaifeng's association with night markets dates back over a thousand years. During the Song Dynasty, this city, then known as Bianjing, abolished the long-standing curfew, giving rise to an unprecedented night market culture. The city became a lively, sleepless metropolis where people indulged in "zaojiao" (night snacks), drank in illuminated wine houses, and enjoyed the vibrant nightlife.
Kaifeng was not just a pioneer in night markets; it was also the first city to introduce concepts like "takeout" known as "suo huan (索唤)" at the time, and a structured three-meal system. Even the famed roasted duck, which Beijing has made world-famous, found its first appreciative audience in Kaifeng. The city was a trailblazer in every sense, setting trends that many modern urban areas still follow today.
The Heartbeat of Kaifeng's Night Markets
As dusk settles, the Drum Tower in Kaifeng sounds its evening chimes, signaling the start of the night market festivities. The ancient city, which can be traversed in half an hour by bike during the day, becomes a bustling hub of activity. Street vendors occupy every corner, and every ten minutes of walking brings you to another bustling night market.
The Drum Tower Night Market, the Xisi Night Market, and the Lao Heda West Gate Night Market are just a few of the hotspots where locals and tourists alike gather. Each market offers a unique glimpse into Kaifeng's rich culinary heritage. From stir-fried liangfen (cold jelly noodles) and sweet potato paste, favored by the younger crowd, to traditional delicacies like soup dumplings and tongzi chicken, the offerings are as diverse as they are delicious.
One cannot mention Kaifeng's night markets without highlighting the iconic "Kaifeng cuisine," which has been enchanting visitors for generations. Even before being featured on CCTV, Kaifeng's culinary contributions to night market culture were well-established. The city is a melting pot of flavors and culinary traditions, seamlessly blending ancient recipes with modern tastes.
A Culinary Adventure Through Time
Walking through Kaifeng's night markets is like stepping into a living history book. The food stalls, illuminated by lanterns, offer a sensory journey that reflects the city's rich cultural heritage.
Soup Dumplings (灌汤包): These delicate dumplings are a staple in Kaifeng. Known for their thin skin and juicy filling, they must be handled with care: "lightly lift, slowly move, first open the window, then drink the soup." Each bite is a revelation of flavor and texture, showcasing the culinary finesse of Kaifeng's chefs.
Bianjing Roasted Duck (汴京烤鸭): Preceding the fame of Beijing's roasted duck, Kaifeng's version is a masterpiece of culinary art. The duck is roasted to perfection, with layers of crispy skin and tender meat that melt in your mouth, leaving a lingering taste of history and tradition.
Tongzi Chicken (桶子鸡): This unique dish involves cooking a whole chicken without gutting it, using a meticulous process that retains the bird's juices and flavors. The result is a tender, savory delicacy that exemplifies the complexity and depth of Kaifeng's culinary techniques.
The markets also offer an array of snacks that are both intriguing and satisfying. Stir-fried liangfen, a local favorite, is made extraordinary by the addition of watermelon soybean paste, a specialty known locally as "dou shi'er (豆什儿)." This fermented blend of watermelon and soybeans creates a rich, savory flavor that perfectly complements the dish's crispy texture.
Bread and Pancake Delights: Kaifeng's night markets are a carb lover's paradise. The lamb pancakes, filled with seasoned lamb and baked to a crispy perfection, offer a taste of Middle Eastern influence melded with Chinese culinary traditions. White sesame fire pancakes, filled with juicy chicken legs, are a modern twist that has captured the hearts of students and locals alike.
Savory Soups: The city's love for soup is evident in the variety of broths available. From the luxurious beef pot and chicken egg pot to the unique yellow braised fish, each soup is a testament to Kaifeng's dedication to comfort food. Even more adventurous options like chicken blood soup and lamb double intestines cater to those with a penchant for bold flavors.
A Sweet Conclusion
No night market experience in Kaifeng is complete without indulging in its sweet treats. Almond tea, made with lotus root powder and garnished with dried fruits and nuts, offers a refreshing end to a night of culinary exploration. Ice sugar lotus seed porridge is another local favorite, known for its soothing and calming properties.
The famed snowflake custard, loaded with an array of toppings, is a must-try for those seeking a cool, refreshing dessert. Even the simplest of treats, like mashed sweet potatoes sprinkled with sesame and peanuts, evoke a sense of nostalgia and comfort.
In Kaifeng, the night market is not just a place to eat; it is a celebration of history, culture, and community. The city's dedication to authenticity and tradition is palpable in every bite, making it a true gem in China's culinary landscape. Whether you're a history buff, a food lover, or just someone looking for a unique experience, Kaifeng's night markets offer a journey back in time, filled with flavors that have stood the test of centuries.
