NEWHANFU

In the humid heat of late summer, the coastal region of Putian (莆田) in Fujian province prepares for a time of solemnity and tradition. The seventh month of the lunar calendar is widely known as the Ghost Month across China, but here, it holds a unique local character, deeply woven into the fabric of family and community life. This isn't a month of fear but one of respectful remembrance, intricate rituals, and delicious, symbolic foods. The festival, known simply as July Half to locals, is a confluence of Taoist, Buddhist, and deep-rooted folk traditions. From a Taoist perspective, it is the day the deity of the earth passes judgment on souls. From a Buddhist view, it is a time for saving souls from suffering. But for the people of Putian, it is, above all, a time to honor their ancestors. The Rhythm of Ritual: A Fortnight of Preparation The customs of the fortnight are so precise they are encapsulated in a local folk rhyme. The preparations begin around the 9th and 10th days of the month. The most crucial task is the preparation of "gold water," a natural alkaline solution made by filtering water through the ashes of dried straw…...

Tucked away in China's Jiangsu province, Gaochun (高淳) isn't just another dot on the map. Recognized as an "International Slow City," this place operates on a different rhythm. It’s a living museum, a serene escape where ancient crafts aren't relics behind glass but vibrant parts of daily life. Recently featured on popular national TV shows, Gaochun is captivating audiences with its deep well of cultural traditions, offering a genuine taste of a slower, more mindful China. Gaochun’s identity is deeply interwoven with its intangible cultural heritage. As the first place in Nanjing to be named a "Hometown of Chinese Folk Culture and Art," it boasts an impressive 155 items of intangible cultural heritage. This isn't just a number; it's a testament to a community that actively lives and breathes its traditions. A Calendar of Living Traditions The local calendar is marked by spectacular, moving festivals that are anything but staged performances for tourists. They are profound community rituals. The most famous is arguably the Tiao Wuchang (跳五猖)—Dance of the Five Fierce Gods. During the Spring Festival and Lantern Festival, performers don colorful masks and wield ritual instruments, leaping and dancing to the intense beat of gongs and drums. It's a…...

To step into the Chaoshan (潮汕) region of Guangdong is to enter a world where ancient traditions are not preserved behind glass but are lived daily. This coastal corner of China, home to the cities of Chaozhou, Shantou, and Jieyang, has maintained a fiercely unique cultural identity. Its customs are a vibrant tapestry woven from threads of ancestral Han Chinese rituals and a distinct maritime spirit. Here are ten cultural pillars that define the Chaoshan way of life. 1. The Deity Procession: Ying Laoye (营老爷) Perhaps the most spectacular event in any Chaoshan village is the Ying Laoye, or "Welcoming the Deities" procession. On chosen days, usually during the Lunar New Year or a deity's birthday, the revered statues from local temples are carried on ornate palanquins on a thorough tour of the community's boundaries. The procession is a breathtaking display of communal effort, featuring vibrant flags, pounding drums, and troupes of performers. The goal is to invite divine blessings for peace, prosperity, and beneficial fortune for the entire community. Each village has its traditions, routes, and taboos, making every procession a unique and powerful expression of local identity and clan cohesion. 2. Yingge Dance (英歌舞): The Rhythm of Warriors…...

Peking Opera, the essence of traditional Chinese theater, boasts a musical system defined by strict standards and rich expressiveness. It has developed a comprehensive and distinctive framework encompassing vocal classification, pronunciation techniques, and rhythmic structure. Two Pillars of the Vocal System Peking Opera vocals primarily fall into two major categories: Xipi (西皮) and Erhuang (二黄). Xipi is bright and vibrant, ideal for conveying intense emotions, while Erhuang is softer and more profound, excelling at expressing inner feelings. In the classic play Silang Visits His Mother (四郎探母), Yang Yanhui's (杨延辉) aria "Before speaking, tears stream down my face" is a typical example of the leading rhythm style for elderly male roles. Princess Tiejing's (铁镜) line "We spouses sit together in the palace courtyard" showcases the leading rhythm characteristics for young female roles. Different role types have unique leading rhythm features: the young male role in "Yang Zongbao (杨宗保) issues commands on horseback," the painted-face role in "Bao Longtu (包龙图) sits in the Kaifeng prefecture," and the elderly female role in "The royal carriage enters the imperial city" from Beating the Dragon Robe—all adopt the Xipi leading rhythm but with distinct expressive approaches. Based on the drama's needs, musicians enhance musical expression…...

The Song Dynasty represents a golden age in Chinese ceramic production, where technical excellence met artistic innovation. Beyond their beautiful glazes and elegant forms, Song ceramics often bear various markings that provide fascinating insights into their origins, purposes, and historical context. These inscriptions served multiple functions, from workshop identification to imperial designation, creating a complex system of communication through clay. Diverse Inscription Types and Their Functions Ceramic markings from this period can be categorized into several distinct types based on their content and purpose. Workshop marks identified manufacturing origins, often featuring family names such as "Zhang Family" or "Li Family." Artisan signatures occasionally appeared, recognizing individual craftsmen's contributions to particularly fine pieces. Reign marks indicated production dates using emperor titles and year numbers, providing precise dating evidence for modern researchers. Special purpose inscriptions designated objects for particular institutional uses, including those created for imperial kitchens or medical bureaus. Poetic phrases and auspicious expressions decorated many commercial pieces, while specific palace names marked ceramics destined for particular royal residences. Distinctive Marking Traditions Across Major Kilns The variation between different kiln centers reflects both regional characteristics and specialized production systems. Yue Kiln (越窑) ceramics primarily featured incised date marks, with most surviving…...

The Chaoshan region in Guangdong Province stands as a remarkable repository of ancient Chinese customs, with the "Shi Gu" (施孤) ritual—commonly translated as "Feeding the Lonely Ghosts"—serving as a profound embodiment of its cultural values. Rooted in folk beliefs, Confucian ethics, and Buddhist philosophy, this tradition highlights the region's enduring emphasis on compassion, communal harmony, and historical remembrance. Historical and Cultural Foundations Chaoshan's cultural heritage, including its renowned Yingge (英歌) dance, intricate embroidery, wood carving, and traditional architecture, is deeply intertwined with ancient rituals. The "Shi Gu" custom, closely associated with the Buddhist Ullambana Festival (also known as the Ghost Festival), can be traced back to the Northern and Southern Dynasties (420-589 AD). Historical texts such as the Jingchu Suishiji (荆楚岁时记) document the practice of making offerings to spirits and deities on the fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month. By the Song Dynasty (960-1279 AD), these observances had evolved into elaborate rituals involving lantern floating, communal feasts, and public ceremonies aimed at appeasing wandering spirits. In Chaoshan, the seventh lunar month is traditionally believed to be a period when the gates of the underworld open, allowing spirits who died without descendants, in disasters, or during wars to wander the…...

When Zhao Liying (赵丽颖) stepped into the Longines livestream with raven hair cascading past her shoulders, the internet gasped. This wasn't just another celebrity hairstyle change; it felt like the return of a queen reclaiming her throne. Gone was the sharp, ambitious Wild Bloom (风吹半夏) persona Xu Banxia (许半夏). In her place stood a vision of timeless elegance, draped in head-turning black sophistication that sent viewers scrambling for screenshots. Could the actress who redefined power with a pixie cut now redefine grace with flowing tresses? The answer unfolded in velvet and silk, punctuated by a single, blazing stroke of crimson at her wrist. Style Alchemy The magic of Zhao's Longines appearance lay in meticulous craftsmanship. Her sleeveless top, crafted from liquid-like satin, captured the light with an almost lunar glow, sculpting her shoulders and collarbones with understated power. Below, a velvet skirt fell in perfect, gentle folds, its subtle movement adding softness without sacrificing structure. This wasn't merely an all-black ensemble; it was a masterclass in texture and silhouette. Against this sophisticated monochrome canvas, a single Longines watch in vibrant, uncompromising crimson blazed like a star against a night sky. This strategic burst of color wasn't just an accessory; it…...

In the heart of Shanxi province, an extraordinary celestial spectacle unfolds against the night sky as temperatures drop during winter months. Zezhou (泽州) Iron Floral Fireworks, an ancient performance art dating back over a millennium, transforms 1600°C molten metal into breathtaking aerial displays that dance between danger and beauty. This incredible tradition, recognized as a provincial-level intangible cultural heritage in 2012, represents not just artistic expression but the enduring spirit of Shanxi's iron civilization that has flourished for well over two thousand years. The Iron Land's Historical Legacy People have long celebrated the region surrounding Jincheng City (锦城市), historically known as Zezhou, as the "hometown of coal and iron." The area's rich mineral resources have been exploited since the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BCE), with mining and metallurgy industries developing almost simultaneously with the birth of Chinese metallurgical history. Ancient texts, including the Classic of Mountains and Seas, specifically mention iron ore deposits in the Tiger Tail Mountain mining area within the ancient Zezhou prefecture. During the Warring States Period (475-221 BCE), Zezhou became a crucial production center for iron weaponry supplied to northern states. The legendary Yang'e Sword, produced in the region, was renowned for its incredible sharpness—reportedly…...

As autumn's chill begins to whisper through the air, a unique phenomenon unfolds across cultures. From the costumed revelry of Halloween to the vibrant altars of Mexico's Día de Muertos, societies worldwide acknowledge the thinning veil between the living and the dead. In China, this observance takes its most profound form during the entire seventh lunar month, culminating in the Zhongyuan Festival (中元节), or Hungry Ghost Festival. More than just a "ghost day," it's a deeply woven tapestry of ancestral respect, philosophical thought, and community care that defines its core. The Ghost Month The entire seventh lunar month is traditionally known as the "Ghost Month" in Chinese folklore. The belief holds that on the first day of the month, the gates of the underworld open, allowing spirits to roam the human realm. The festival peak arrives on the fifteenth day, though some regions observe it on the thirteenth or fourteenth. This isn't framed as a terrifying invasion. Instead, it's viewed as a sacred period where the departed can return to visit their families and receive sustenance. The month is dedicated to providing for these spirits. It begins with ceremonies to "receive the ancestors" , and families make offerings throughout the…...

Chinese paper cutting represents an extraordinary cultural tradition that has evolved over two millennia, serving as both artistic expression and cultural documentation. This intricate art form transforms simple paper into complex visual narratives using only scissors or knives, creating works that embody the collective memory, social values, and aesthetic sensibilities of Chinese civilization. Far more than mere decoration, these delicate cuttings represent a sophisticated visual language that continues to communicate cultural identity across generations. Historical Development The origins of Chinese paper cutting predate the invention of paper itself, with early artisans practicing similar techniques on various thin materials, including leather, metal foils, and silk fabrics. During the Warring States period, these precursor arts reached remarkable sophistication, establishing technical foundations that would later transfer to paper. The subsequent invention of paper during the Han Dynasty provided the perfect medium for these techniques to flourish and evolve into what we now recognize as traditional paper cutting. The Tang Dynasty witnessed the art form's emergence as a distinct cultural expression. As paper became more widely available, artists developed specialized forms, including window decorations, figurative representations, and floral patterns that enriched daily life and celebrations. The Song Dynasty marked another significant advancement with the…...